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Probing the Local Rapidity Distribution of a One-Dimensional Bose Gas.

L Dubois1, G Thémèze1, F Nogrette1

  • 1<a href="https://ror.org/046hjmc37">Laboratoire Charles Fabry</a>, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, <a href="https://ror.org/03xjwb503">Université Paris-Saclay</a>, 91127 Palaiseau, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to measure the local rapidity distribution in one-dimensional Bose gases. This technique reveals unique features in non-equilibrium states, offering insights into quantum gas dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Ultracold atomic gases

Background:

  • One-dimensional Bose gases exhibit unique quantum phenomena.
  • Quasiparticles with momenta called rapidities characterize these systems.
  • Understanding local properties is crucial for characterizing quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel probe for the local rapidity distribution in one-dimensional Bose gases.
  • To investigate equilibrium and non-equilibrium states of these quantum systems.
  • To compare experimental results with theoretical predictions from generalized hydrodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Expansion of a selected slice of the Bose gas.
  • Measurement of position-dependent rapidity distributions.
  • Application of generalized hydrodynamics theory to account for finite expansion times.

Main Results:

  • An experimental picture of the local rapidity distribution was obtained for a gas in equilibrium.
  • The results showed fair agreement with theoretical predictions.
  • A doubly peaked local rapidity distribution was observed in a non-equilibrium situation, indicating a nonthermal state.

Conclusions:

  • The developed probe successfully characterizes local rapidity distributions.
  • The probe can distinguish nonthermal states in out-of-equilibrium quantum gases.
  • This method provides a valuable tool for studying complex quantum many-body systems.