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A persistent gender pay gap among faculty in a public university system
Lanu Kim1, Bas Hofstra2, Sebastian Munoz-Najar Galvez3
1Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea. lanukim@kaist.ac.kr.
Scientific Reports
|September 27, 2024
Summary
Women faculty still earn less than men, with rank explaining base pay gaps but not other earnings. Off-grade pay is a key driver of the remaining gender pay gap, requiring targeted policies.
Area of Science:
- Higher Education Research
- Economics of Education
- Gender Studies
Background:
- Gender pay disparities persist in academia despite progress toward parity.
- Previous studies on the gender pay gap are limited by focusing only on base pay or using self-reported data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the gender pay gap in both base (grade) and other (off-grade) pay for faculty.
- To identify factors contributing to the gender pay gap beyond academic rank and productivity.
Main Methods:
- Linked faculty salary records from a U.S. public university system with the OpenAlex bibliometric database.
- Employed stepwise regression models to analyze pay differences between men and women faculty.
- Separately examined base pay and off-grade pay to understand their distinct contributions to the pay gap.
Main Results:
- Academic rank significantly explained the gender pay gap in base pay.
- Performance metrics like H-index and specialization did not substantially account for the base pay gap.
- No identified variables explained the substantial gender pay gap observed in off-grade pay.
Conclusions:
- Off-grade pay represents a primary source of the unexplained gender pay gap in academia.
- Policy interventions must be tailored to address the specific components of faculty salaries to effectively reduce the gender pay gap.
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