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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Published on: May 10, 2024
From Pathogenesis to Treatment: Targeting Type-2 Inflammation in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Alberto Barchi1,2, Francesco Vito Mandarino1, Mona-Rita Yacoub3
1Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Motility Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
None:
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the esophagus. EoE shares a common pathogenetic mechanism with other chronic disorders pertaining to the type 2 inflammatory spectrum, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The recent advancements in EoE pathogenesis understanding have unveiled new molecular targets implied within the "atopic march" picture as well as specific to EoE. These discoveries have led to the clinical evaluation of several novel drugs (monoclonal antibodies and immune modulators), specifically aimed at the modulation of Th2 inflammation. In this comprehensive review, we have focused on the subtle mechanisms of type 2 inflammatory disorders, highlighting the similarities and differences with EoE, taking a deeper look into the evolving field of biologic therapies, already approved or under current investigation.
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