Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 11, 2025
Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
Risk Factors Associated with Antibiotic Exposure Variability in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review
Laura Gras-Martín1,2,3, Adrián Plaza-Diaz1,2, Borja Zarate-Tamames1,2
1Pharmacy Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Critically ill patients often have antibiotic levels outside the therapeutic range due to pharmacokinetic variability. Renal function, weight, and age significantly impact antibiotic efficacy and safety in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Antibiotic behavior in critically ill patients is increasingly studied.
- Many patients experience antibiotic levels outside the therapeutic range.
- Pharmacokinetic variability is a likely cause, but specific risk factors are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review risk factors for pharmacokinetic alterations in critically ill patients.
- To identify factors compromising antibiotic treatment efficacy and safety.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases.
- Inclusion of observational studies and clinical trials.
Main Results:
- 246 observational studies and 10 clinical trials were identified.
- Most studied factors: renal function, weight, age, sex, renal replacement therapy.
- Factors with greatest impact: renal function, weight, renal replacement therapy, age, protein/albumin levels, APACHE/SAPS scores.
Conclusions:
- Identifies critically ill patients at higher risk of subtherapeutic antibiotic targets.
- Highlights numerous studied risk factors for future research.
- Emphasizes the need for continued research in real clinical practice with clinical outcomes.
More Related Videos
09:26Antibiotic Efficacy Testing in an Ex vivo Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung
Published on: January 22, 2021
08:58Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Published on: March 3, 2023
Related Concept Videos
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
00:57Antibiotic Selection
01:29Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors
Age stands as a key determinant in protein-drug binding. Neonates, characterized by low albumin content, experience heightened concentrations of unbound drugs such as phenytoin and...
01:26Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
01:28Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
01:19Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Miscellaneous Factors
Age plays a significant role due to differences in body composition among different age groups. Infants, for instance, have a higher proportion of total body water and lower albumin levels, a protein that binds drugs in the bloodstream. This unique composition in infants enhances the...