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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Providing Meaningful Environmental Enrichment and Measuring Saliva Cortisol in Pigs Housed on Slatted Flooring

Providing Meaningful Environmental Enrichment and Measuring Saliva Cortisol in Pigs Housed on Slatted Flooring

Published on: September 30, 2019

Minimum Space When Transporting Pigs: Where Is the "Good" Law?

Terry L Whiting¹

¹Government of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3B 3M9, Canada.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI

|September 28, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ensuring consistent numerical standards in pig transport regulations is crucial for animal welfare and public interest. This paper proposes the lethal pressure-50 (LP50) as a benchmark for enforceable crowding standards.

Keywords:

animal cruelty humane pig transport industrial farming performance-based regulation pig welfare pork supply chain stocking density

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

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Published on: August 21, 2021

Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Animal Welfare Science
Regulatory Science

Background:

Scientific findings must be communicated numerically for effective regulation.
Livestock transporters aim to maximize payload, creating animal welfare risks due to crowding.
Lack of numerical standardization hinders consensus on appropriate crowding thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine barriers to numerical standardization in pig transport regulations.
To propose a direction toward establishing enforceable crowding standards.
To address the challenge of numeracy in regulatory science.

Main Methods:

Analysis of scientific discourse on livestock transport crowding.
Identification of communication and standardization barriers.
Proposal of the lethal pressure-50 (LP50) as a regulatory benchmark.

Main Results:

Scientific recommendations for pig transport crowding lack numerical consistency.
Barriers to consensus on enforceable standards have been identified.
The lethal pressure-50 (LP50) is proposed as a global benchmark for compliance inspection.

Conclusions:

Articulating an enforceable standard for pig transport crowding is achievable.
The LP50 offers a quantifiable metric for assessing transport conditions.
Improved numeracy in regulation supports animal welfare and public interest.