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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...

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Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

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Presepsin Levels in Infection-Free Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus: An Exploratory Study.

Dimitrios Kouroupis¹, Ioanna Zografou¹, Aikaterini Balaska¹

¹Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 42 Thessaloniki, Greece.

|September 28, 2024

Summary

Presepsin, a marker for infection, may indicate inflammation and poor metabolic control in diabetes mellitus (DM). Lower presepsin levels were observed in well-controlled type 2 diabetes compared to type 1 diabetes, suggesting its potential as a biomarker.

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus glycemic control inflammation presepsin

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology and Metabolism
Biomarkers and Diagnostics
Immunology

Background:

Systemic inflammation is linked to metabolic dysregulation in diabetes mellitus (DM).
Presepsin, a biomarker for infection and sepsis, is implicated in inflammation.
Gut dysbiosis may increase lipopolysaccharide, promoting insulin resistance and diabetic complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if presepsin reflects systemic inflammation and metabolic decompensation in DM patients without infection.
To compare presepsin levels across different diabetes types and control groups.
To explore associations between presepsin and clinical parameters in diabetes.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional pilot study with 75 infection-free participants.
Included individuals with well-controlled/uncontrolled type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and normoglycemic controls.
Analyzed presepsin levels and correlated them with demographic, clinical, and laboratory data.

Main Results:

DM duration correlated with presepsin values (p=0.008).
Presepsin levels were lower in type 2 diabetes (T2D) than type 1 diabetes (T1D) (p=0.008), particularly in well-controlled groups.
Adjusted analysis confirmed significantly lower presepsin in well-controlled T2D vs. well-controlled T1D (p=0.048).

Conclusions:

Presepsin may serve as a surrogate marker for inflammation in diabetes.
Findings suggest presepsin reflects metabolic control status in individuals with DM.
Further research is warranted to validate presepsin's role in diabetes management.