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'Exerkines': A Comprehensive Term for the Factors Produced in Response to Exercise
Giuseppe Novelli1,2,3,4, Giuseppe Calcaterra5, Federico Casciani1
1Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00173 Rome, Italy.
Biomedicines
|September 28, 2024
Summary
Exercise releases special molecules called exerkines. These exerkines mediate exercise’s health benefits, impacting metabolism, neuroprotection, and muscle adaptation across multiple body systems.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Molecular biology
- Health sciences
Background:
- Physical activity offers broad health benefits, impacting multiple biological systems.
- The molecular mechanisms underlying exercise's positive effects are not fully understood.
- Recent discoveries reveal bioactive molecules produced during exercise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and define exerkines.
- To highlight the role of exerkines in mediating exercise's health benefits.
- To discuss the diverse functions and implications of exerkines.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on exercise-induced bioactive molecules.
- Identification and classification of exerkines based on their origin and function.
- Analysis of exerkine signaling pathways (paracrine, endocrine, autocrine).
Main Results:
- Exerkines are bioactive molecules released during physical activity.
- Exerkines mediate key benefits of exercise, including metabolic regulation, neuroprotection, and muscle adaptation.
- Exerkines act through various signaling pathways to influence different tissues and organs.
Conclusions:
- Exerkines represent a critical signaling network translating exercise into health benefits.
- Understanding exerkines is key to elucidating the full impact of physical activity on health.
- Exerkines underscore the importance of exercise in disease prevention and health maintenance.
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