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Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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DNA Metabarcoding Approach as a Potential Tool for Supporting Official Food Control Programs: A Case Study.

Anna Mottola1, Chiara Intermite1, Roberta Piredda1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Prov. le Casamassima 62, Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy.

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Summary

DNA metabarcoding detected undeclared animal and plant species in meat products. This method aids authorities in ensuring food authenticity, safety, and preventing fraud.

Keywords:
NGSfood authenticityfood official controlsmeat product

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Area of Science:

  • Food science
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Food authentication is crucial for consumer health and Food Business Operator (FBO) credibility.
  • European regulations require robust methods for verifying food authenticity and supply chain integrity.
  • Innovative analytical tools are needed to combat food fraud effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the DNA metabarcoding approach for analyzing animal and plant composition in meat preparations.
  • To identify undeclared species in food products during official controls.
  • To support competent authorities in ensuring food authenticity and safety.

Main Methods:

  • DNA metabarcoding was applied to meat preparations sampled during official controls.
  • The 12S rRNA gene was amplified to assess animal composition.
  • The trnL (UAA) gene was amplified to assess plant composition.

Main Results:

  • The study confirmed declared species and identified unexpected, undeclared animal and plant taxa.
  • Specific findings included Murinae, Sus scrofa, Ovis aries, and Pisum sativum in products not listing them.
  • Undeclared species can pose public health risks and affect consumer choices based on ethical or religious grounds.

Conclusions:

  • DNA metabarcoding is a promising tool for official food control authorities.
  • The method enhances the ability to ensure food authenticity and safety.
  • It aids in developing risk profiles for the food supply chain.