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The right type and quality of aggregates are crucial for concrete as they significantly influence its properties, mix proportions, and cost-effectiveness. If different sources are available for sand, the commonly used fine aggregate in concrete, the selection of sand is primarily based on its gradation.
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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

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Research on Vault Settlement during Three-Step Tunnel Construction Process Based on Sandstone Rheological Experiment.

Chang Peng1, Yong Qu1, Helin Fu2

  • 1China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau Civil Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha 410011, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tunnel stability depends on rock rheology. This study analyzed siltstone and sandstone, finding that rock strength and inverted arch closure distance significantly impact tunnel vault displacement, crucial for high-speed railway projects.

Keywords:
Burgus modelCvisc modelexperimental studygraniterheological propertiessandstone

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Rock Mechanics
  • Civil Engineering

Background:

  • Tunnel stability is critical for infrastructure projects like high-speed railways.
  • The rheological properties of surrounding rock significantly influence tunnel stability.
  • Understanding time-dependent deformation is essential for safe tunnel design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the rheological characteristics of siltstone and sandstone.
  • To analyze the impact of rheological parameters on tunnel deformation and stress.
  • To determine optimal inverted arch closure distances for high-speed railway tunnels.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory testing to derive rheological curves and parameters for siltstone and sandstone.
  • Theoretical analysis of time-dependent deformation mechanisms.
  • Numerical simulation using derived parameters to model tunnel behavior.

Main Results:

  • Sandstone rheology was modeled using the Cvisc model.
  • Maxwell elastic modulus increased with load, while viscous coefficient decreased in sandstone.
  • Vault displacement was directly correlated with reduced surrounding rock strength and increased inverted arch closure distance.

Conclusions:

  • Rock rheology, particularly strength, is a key factor in tunnel vault displacement.
  • Optimal inverted arch closure distance is dependent on rock type and strength, especially in sandstone.
  • Findings provide critical data for the design and stability analysis of high-speed railway tunnels.