Therapeutic Potential of Vitamin B Complex in Peripheral Nerve Injury Recovery: An Experimental Rat Model Study

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Regenerative Medicine
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Peripheral nerve trauma is common, with limited effective treatments.
• Vitamin B complex is widely used clinically, but scientific evidence for efficacy is scarce.
• Understanding vitamin B's role in nerve repair is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the therapeutic effects of vitamin B complex on peripheral nerve injury recovery.
• To evaluate the impact of vitamin B on nerve function and regeneration in a rat model.
• To provide scientific data on vitamin B complex efficacy for nerve trauma.

Main Methods:

• Sixty rats with sciatic nerve injuries (crush, transection, autograft) were divided into treatment (vitamin B) and control (saline) groups.
• Vitamin B complex was administered intraperitoneally daily for one month.
• Nerve function was assessed using sciatic function index (SFI) and electromyography (EMG); histopathology evaluated myelination, fibrosis, edema, and mast cells.

Main Results:

• Vitamin B treatment significantly improved SFI, indicating better functional recovery across all injury models (p < 0.05).
• EMG showed enhanced nerve conduction velocity, reduced latency, and increased peak-to-peak amplitude in vitamin B treated groups (p < 0.05).
• Histopathological analysis revealed improved myelination and reduced fibrosis, edema, and mast cell density in vitamin B treated nerves (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

• Vitamin B complex significantly promotes nerve healing and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury.
• The treatment enhances nerve conduction, stimulates myelination, and mitigates adverse fibrotic and inflammatory responses.
• Vitamin B complex demonstrates considerable therapeutic potential for nerve regeneration and clinical application in nerve trauma.