Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

PCR

PCR

Real Time RT-PCR

Real Time RT-PCR

Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Using hierarchical Bayesian modelling to assess shedder test suitability.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026

Same author

Influences of oils on the persistence and recovery of DNA.

Journal of forensic sciences·2026

Same author

The impact of illicit drugs on DNA extraction efficiency.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2025

Same author

STR-Uggles: Overcoming Humic Acid Inhibition Using Combined STR & qPCR Kit Chemistries.

Genes·2025

Same author

Saliva identification by RT-LAMP integrated with CRISPR-Cas and LFA.

Forensic science, medicine, and pathology·2025

Same author

Comparison of DNA profiles from samples collected from underneath fingernails and hand deposits following everyday activity.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2025

Same journal

Tissue MicroRNAs in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review of Studies in Human Myocardium and Animal Models with Implications for Post-Mortem Molecular Diagnostics.

Genes·2026

Same journal

Genetic Variants and Dental Caries Susceptibility: An Umbrella Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis.

Genes·2026

Same journal

Generative AI and Language Models in Human Genetics and Health: From Variant Interpretation to Clinical Decision Support.

Genes·2026

Same journal

Familial White-Sutton Syndrome Caused by a Pathogenic POGZ p.Arg508* Variant: Intrafamilial Variability from Childhood to Adulthood.

Genes·2026

Same journal

Genetic Influence on LDL-Cholesterol Levels: Role of Polygenic Risk Scores and Lp(a) Beyond Monogenic Hypercholesterolemia.

Genes·2026

Same journal

THBS1 as a Key Regulator of Myoblasts: Validation of Its Inhibitory Roles in Skeletal Muscle Development.

Genes·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus Troubleshooting and Optimization Strategies

Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus Troubleshooting and Optimization Strategies

Published on: May 22, 2012

Developing a Machine Learning 'Smart' Polymerase Chain Reaction Thermocycler Part 2: Putting the Theoretical

Caitlin McDonald¹, Duncan Taylor^1,2, Russell S A Brinkworth¹

¹College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.

|September 28, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a smart PCR system that optimizes DNA profiling by adjusting cycling conditions. It achieves similar DNA profile quality in a faster runtime, benefiting forensic science.

Keywords:

PCR thermocycler STR DNA profile cycling conditions machine learning

More Related Videos

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection

Published on: March 5, 2011

Methylation Specific Multiplex Droplet PCR using Polymer Droplet Generator Device for Hematological Diagnostics

Methylation Specific Multiplex Droplet PCR using Polymer Droplet Generator Device for Hematological Diagnostics

Published on: June 29, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus Troubleshooting and Optimization Strategies

Polymerase Chain Reaction: Basic Protocol Plus Troubleshooting and Optimization Strategies

Published on: May 22, 2012

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection

Published on: March 5, 2011

Methylation Specific Multiplex Droplet PCR using Polymer Droplet Generator Device for Hematological Diagnostics

Methylation Specific Multiplex Droplet PCR using Polymer Droplet Generator Device for Hematological Diagnostics

Published on: June 29, 2020

Area of Science:

Forensic Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has revolutionized forensic science, enhancing DNA profiling sensitivity and discrimination.
Challenges persist in DNA profiling of trace, inhibited, and degraded samples.
Optimizing PCR performance for sub-optimal samples is crucial for forensic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a proof-of-concept for a smart PCR system capable of optimizing DNA profiling.
To investigate the effects of altering PCR cycling conditions on DNA profile quality.
To reduce PCR runtime while maintaining acceptable DNA product quality and quantity.

Main Methods:

Manual alteration of denaturation and annealing temperatures and timings in PCR.
Trial of a real-time feedback system using STR PCR and qPCR.
Comparison of DNA profiles generated by the modified PCR with standard STR PCR kits.
Exploration of machine learning for real-time PCR adjustments.

Main Results:

Identified PCR cycling parameters that produced results comparable to standard endpoint PCR.
Achieved a reduction in PCR runtime by 30 minutes.
Demonstrated the feasibility of a smart PCR system for optimizing DNA profiling.

Conclusions:

Altering PCR cycling conditions can optimize performance for challenging DNA samples.
A smart PCR system, potentially leveraging machine learning, can enable real-time adjustments for predefined goals.
This technology has significant implications for various biological disciplines reliant on PCR.