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Menin in Cancer.

Ariana D Majer1, Xianxin Hua2, Bryson W Katona1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

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|September 28, 2024
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Summary

The protein menin, encoded by the MEN1 gene, has a dual role in cancer, acting as a tumor suppressor in some cancers and a tumor promoter in others. Its function is highly tumor-dependent and context-specific, offering potential therapeutic avenues.

Keywords:
cancermeninnuclear scaffold proteintumor promotertumor suppressor

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Menin, a nuclear scaffold protein encoded by the MEN1 gene, regulates gene expression via interactions with chromatin modifiers and transcription factors.
  • The role of menin in cancer is an expanding area of research, revealing complex and context-dependent functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on menin's function across various cancer types.
  • To outline tumor-specific differences in menin's roles and mechanisms.
  • To identify menin's therapeutic potential in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating menin's role in tumorigenesis.
  • Analysis of menin's function as a tumor suppressor or promoter in different cancer contexts.
  • Examination of menin's mechanisms of action in various cancers.

Main Results:

  • Menin acts as a tumor suppressor in neuroendocrine tumors, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, and melanoma.
  • Menin functions as a tumor promoter in leukemia, colorectal cancer, ovarian and endometrial cancers, Ewing sarcoma, and gliomas.
  • Menin exhibits context-dependent roles in breast, prostate, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusions:

  • Menin's function in cancer is highly tumor-specific, acting as either a suppressor or promoter.
  • Understanding these context-specific roles is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
  • Further investigation into menin's mechanisms and therapeutic potential is warranted.