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Converging Pathways between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Diabetes in Children

Maria Felicia Faienza1, Ilaria Farella2, Mohamad Khalil2

  • 1Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Medical School, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity is rising, increasing risks for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Integrating MRI can improve diagnosis in at-risk children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Childhood obesity rates have surged globally, impacting over 340 million children.
  • This rise is linked to metabolic disorders like insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
  • Nomenclature for hepatic steatosis has evolved from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to MASLD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the escalation of childhood obesity and the evolving nomenclature of hepatic steatosis (NAFLD to MASLD).
  • To emphasize the critical role of pediatric endocrinologists in diagnosing MASLD in children with T2DM.
  • To highlight diagnostic inadequacies and propose improved screening strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review on childhood obesity, T2DM, and MASLD.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic challenges and screening limitations.
  • Proposal for integrating hepatic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) into diagnostic protocols.

Main Results:

  • Childhood obesity, T2DM, and MASLD are interconnected and escalating health concerns.
  • Existing screening and diagnostic methods for MASLD in pediatric T2DM populations are insufficient.
  • Hepatic MRI offers a promising complementary tool for enhanced diagnostic precision.

Conclusions:

  • A paradigm shift in diagnosing MASLD in pediatric T2DM is necessary.
  • Integrating hepatic MRI alongside conventional testing can improve diagnostic accuracy.
  • This holistic approach is vital for better outcomes in high-risk children.

Keywords:
livermagnetic resonance imagingmetabolic-associated (dysfunction) steatotic liver diseasenon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseobesitysteatosis

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