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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging
Published on: June 30, 2023
Mitochondrial Aconitase and Its Contribution to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Volodymyr Padalko1,2, Filip Posnik1, Malgorzata Adamczyk1
1Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract:
This survey reviews modern ideas on the structure and functions of mitochondrial and cytosolic aconitase isoenzymes in eukaryotes. Cumulative experimental evidence about mitochondrial aconitases (Aco2) as one of the main targets of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is generalized. The important role of Aco2 in maintenance of homeostasis of the intracellular iron pool and maintenance of the mitochondrial DNA is discussed. The role of Aco2 in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases is highlighted. Inactivation or dysfunction of Aco2 as well as mutations found in the ACO2 gene appear to be significant factors in the development and promotion of various types of neurodegenerative diseases. A restoration of efficient mitochondrial functioning as a source of energy for the cell by targeting Aco2 seems to be one of the promising therapeutic directions to minimize progressive neurodegenerative disorders.
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