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Related Concept Videos

The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...

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3D Hydrogel Scaffolds for Articular Chondrocyte Culture and Cartilage Generation
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Chondroitin Sulfate for Cartilage Regeneration, Administered Topically Using a Nanostructured Formulation.

Marta E Bustos Araya1, Anna Nardi-Ricart2, Ana C Calpena Capmany2,3

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) to improve chondroitin sulfate (CHON) delivery for osteoarthritis treatment. The enhanced SLN formulation demonstrated effective skin permeation and retention without cellular toxicity.

Keywords:
biopharmaceutical studiescell viabilitychondroitin sulfatedesign of experimentsdrug deliveryosteoarthritisskin permeationsolid lipid nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Chondroitin sulfate (CHON) is vital for cartilage health and osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, but clinical trial results are conflicting.
  • There is a growing interest in nanotechnology-based topical systems to improve CHON efficacy for OA therapy.
  • Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) offer a promising platform for enhanced drug delivery due to their lipid core structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize a solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation for enhanced chondroitin sulfate (CHON) permeation.
  • To evaluate the potential of SLNs as carriers for topical CHON delivery in osteoarthritis (OA) treatment.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of the optimized SLN formulation for CHON delivery.

Main Methods:

  • A 3x3x2 Design of Experiments was employed to determine optimal SLN production parameters.
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze nanoparticle morphology and uniformity.
  • Cell viability assays and cell internalization studies were conducted to assess safety and uptake.
  • Biopharmaceutical studies evaluated skin permeation and retention of CHON delivered via SLNs.

Main Results:

  • Optimal SLN formulation parameters identified: 0.4 mg/mL CHON concentration, 20,000 rpm speed, and 10 min processing time.
  • TEM confirmed spherical morphology and uniformity of the produced SLNs.
  • Cell viability assays indicated no significant cytotoxicity, suggesting a safe profile.
  • Cell internalization was observed at 1.5 and 24 hours post-treatment.
  • Biopharmaceutical studies demonstrated enhanced skin permeation and CHON retention compared to conventional methods.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized SLN formulation effectively enhances chondroitin sulfate (CHON) transport through the skin.
  • SLNs show potential as safe and effective carriers for topical CHON delivery in osteoarthritis (OA) management.
  • This research advances nanotechnology-based therapeutic strategies for pharmaceutical formulations.