Photodynamic Therapy as a Novel Therapeutic Modality Applying Quinizarin-Loaded Nanocapsules and 3D Bioprinting Skin
Stéphanie R do Amaral1, Camila F Amantino1,2, Aleksandar Atanasov3
1Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
Skin inflammation associated with chronic diseases involves a direct role of keratinocytes in its immunopathogenesis, triggering a cascade of immune responses. Despite this, highly targeted treatments remain elusive, highlighting the need for more specific therapeutic strategies. In this study, nanocapsules containing quinizarin (QZ/NC) were developed and evaluated in an in vitro model of keratinocyte-mediated inflammation, incorporating the action of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and analyzing permeation in a 3D skin model. Comprehensive physicochemical, stability, cytotoxicity, and permeation analyses of the nanomaterials were conducted. The nanocapsules demonstrated desirable physicochemical properties, remained stable throughout the analysis period, and exhibited no spectroscopic alterations. Cytotoxicity tests revealed no toxicity at the lowest concentrations of QZ/NC. Permeation and cellular uptake studies confirmed QZ/NC permeation in 3D skin models, along with intracellular incorporation and internalization of the drug, thereby enhancing its efficacy in drug delivery. The developed model for inducing the inflammatory process in vitro yielded promising results, particularly when the synthesized nanomaterial was combined with PDT, showing a reduction in cytokine levels. These findings suggest a potential new therapeutic approach for treating inflammatory skin diseases.
Insights
New nanocapsules loaded with quinizarin (QZ/NC) show promise for treating skin inflammation. Combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), they effectively reduce inflammatory markers in an in vitro skin model.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Nanotechnology
- Immunology
Background:
- Keratinocytes play a key role in skin inflammation pathogenesis in chronic diseases.
- Current treatments for skin inflammation lack specificity, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate quinizarin-loaded nanocapsules (QZ/NC) for targeted drug delivery in inflammatory skin conditions.
- To assess the efficacy of QZ/NC combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in an in vitro model.
Main Methods:
- Physicochemical characterization, stability, and cytotoxicity of QZ/NC were performed.
- In vitro studies utilized a 3D skin model to evaluate QZ/NC permeation and cellular uptake.
- An in vitro model of keratinocyte-mediated inflammation was established to assess therapeutic effects.
Main Results:
- QZ/NC exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and stability, with no observed toxicity at low concentrations.
- QZ/NC demonstrated effective permeation and intracellular uptake in 3D skin models.
- The combination of QZ/NC and PDT significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in vitro.
Conclusions:
- Developed QZ/NC are suitable for enhanced drug delivery in skin.
- QZ/NC combined with PDT presents a potential novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory skin diseases.
