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Major Vault Protein/Lung Resistance-Related Protein: A Novel Biomarker for Inflammation and Acute Infections

John G Routsias1, Dionysia Marinou1, Maria Mavrouli1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

Microorganisms
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Major vault protein (MVP) shows potential as a biomarker for inflammation and infection. Elevated MVP levels in patients with inflammation decreased with antibiotic treatment, indicating its diagnostic and prognostic value.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Vault particles are large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes involved in inflammatory processes.
  • Major vault protein (MVP) is a key component of vault particles.
  • Inflammation and infection are significant clinical challenges requiring accurate diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of MVP in patients with inflammation.
  • To determine if MVP can serve as a biomarker for infection or inflammation.
  • To compare the diagnostic utility of MVP against established markers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) counts.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of MVP and CRP levels in serum samples from 85 patients with inflammation and 26 healthy controls using ELISA and nephelometry, respectively.
  • Measurement of WBC counts using a commercial assay.
  • Analysis of diagnostic accuracy using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves.

Main Results:

  • MVP levels were significantly elevated in patients with inflammation compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.0001).
  • MVP levels were higher in infectious compared to non-infectious inflammatory conditions (p = 0.0006).
  • MVP levels demonstrated a sensitive decline with antibiotic treatment, outperforming CRP in reflecting treatment efficacy. ROC analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy for MVP (AUC=0.955) and CRP (AUC=0.995), with WBC counts at AUC=0.805.

Conclusions:

  • MVP exhibits potential as a diagnostic biomarker for both inflammation and infection.
  • MVP levels may serve as an indicator of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy.
  • MVP offers a promising alternative or adjunct to conventional inflammatory markers.
Keywords:
MVPbiomarkerinfectioninflammationmajor vault proteinvaults

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