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Hybrid Multi-Access Method for Space-Based IoT: Adaptive Bandwidth Allocation and Beam Layout Based on User

Qingquan Liu1, Lihu Chen1, Songting Li1

  • 1College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new multi-dimensional hybrid multiple-access method (MHSTFC-UD) enhances satellite Internet of Things (IoT) capacity by dynamically allocating resources based on user distribution. This approach significantly boosts user access compared to traditional methods.

Keywords:
beam layoutmultiple accessspace-based Internet of Thingsuser capacityuser distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Satellite Communications
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • Wireless Networking

Background:

  • Space-based IoT development faces limitations due to scarce frequency resources and inefficient spectrum utilization.
  • Massive user access demands strain current satellite communication systems operating under restricted frequency conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel multi-dimensional hybrid multiple-access method for space-time-frequency-code division based on user distribution (MHSTFC-UD).
  • To address the challenges of insufficient frequency resources and low spectrum utilization in space-based IoT networks.
  • To enhance the capacity and user access of satellite IoT systems.

Main Methods:

  • Dividing satellite beam cells into central and edge areas with dynamic adjustment of the central area's radius and frequency resource allocation based on user distribution.
  • Establishing and solving an optimization model for central area radius and frequency resource allocation using a genetic algorithm.
  • Utilizing the edge area as a protection interval for full-frequency multiplexing across time, space, and code domains between beam cells.

Main Results:

  • The MHSTFC-UD method improves the maximum single satellite user access capacity by one to three orders of magnitude compared to traditional 2D/3D frequency reuse.
  • Compared to fixed area division and resource allocation, MHSTFC-UD increases user capacity by an additional 11.5% to 33.1%.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed MHSTFC-UD is an effective strategy for improving spectrum utilization and user access in satellite IoT.
  • Dynamic resource allocation based on user distribution offers significant advantages over static methods for future space-based communication networks.