Chitosan: A Green Approach to Metallic Nanoparticle/Nanocomposite Synthesis and Applications.

Area of Science:

• Biopolymer Chemistry
• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science

Background:

• Chitosan, derived from chitin, is a versatile biopolymer.
• Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) offer diverse applications but require efficient synthesis methods.
• Controlling MNP properties like size and shape is crucial for performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the multifaceted roles of chitosan in metal nanoparticle synthesis and application.
• To highlight chitosan's capabilities as a green reducing, shape-directing, size-controlling, and stabilizing agent.
• To explore the potential of chitosan-based nanocomposites in various fields.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on chitosan's application in metal nanoparticle synthesis.
• Analysis of chitosan's chemical properties enabling nanoparticle formation.
• Compilation of studies demonstrating chitosan-metal nanocomposite applications.

Main Results:

• Chitosan effectively acts as a reducing agent, stabilizing agent, and shape/size controller in MNP synthesis.
• Chitosan-based nanocomposites exhibit tunable properties for specific applications.
• Successful applications demonstrated in metal removal, water purification, and biomedical therapies.

Conclusions:

• Chitosan is a key biomaterial for sustainable and controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles.
• Chitosan-metal nanocomposites hold significant promise for environmental and medical innovations.
• Further research into chitosan-based nanomaterials can drive advancements in nanotechnology.