Treating Deep-Seated Tumors with Radiodynamic Therapy: Progress and Perspectives

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiochemistry
• Nanomedicine

Background:

• Radiodynamic therapy (RDT) is an emerging cancer treatment utilizing low-dose, high-energy radiation.
• Traditional two-component RDT systems (scintillators and photosensitizers) face challenges like low loading capacity and inefficient energy transfer.
• The tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by hypoxia and immunosuppression, can limit RDT efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in the rational construction of one-component RDT systems.
• To explore the mechanisms and applications of these novel RDT systems in treating deep-seated tumors.
• To provide insights into future research directions for RDT.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of one-component RDT systems based on nanomaterials with high-Z metal elements.
• Investigation of RDT mechanisms, including X-ray absorption, light conversion, photosensitizer activation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
• Evaluation of RDT's potential for immune enhancement and memory effects.

Main Results:

• One-component RDT systems demonstrate effective inhibition of deep-seated tumors.
• These novel systems exhibit significant immune enhancement and immune memory capabilities.
• Potential for complete elimination of both primary and metastatic tumors.

Conclusions:

• One-component RDT systems represent a significant advancement over traditional two-component strategies.
• These nanomaterial-based RDTs offer a promising approach for treating deep-seated tumors with enhanced immunogenicity.
• Further research into RDT holds potential for innovative cancer treatment strategies.