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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Self-Healable, Transparent, Biodegradable, and Shape Memorable Polyurethanes Derived from Carbon Dioxide-Based Diols.

Xin Huang1, Tingting Zhao1, Shuanjin Wang1

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

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|September 28, 2024
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Summary

New thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) derived from carbon dioxide (CO2) exhibit remarkable self-healing and shape memory properties. These sustainable CO2-based TPUs also demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability for industrial applications.

Keywords:
CO2poly(polycarbonate) diolthermoplastic polyurethanes

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are versatile polymers with diverse applications.
  • Developing sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based polymers is crucial for environmental protection.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization offers a promising route for creating novel polymeric materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a series of CO2-based TPUs using CO2-based poly(polycarbonate) diol (PPCDL).
  • To investigate the mechanical, thermal, optical, barrier, self-healing, shape memory, biocompatibility, and degradation properties of these novel TPUs.
  • To evaluate the potential of these CO2-based TPUs in various industrial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of CO2-based TPUs using PPCDL, 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO).
  • Systematic investigation of material properties including mechanical testing, thermal analysis (DSC), optical clarity assessment, barrier property evaluation (water vapor permeability), shape memory testing, biocompatibility assays, and biodegradation studies.
  • Correlation of material properties with variations in hard segment content and soft segment composition, particularly the incorporation of PPG.

Main Results:

  • All synthesized TPUs are highly transparent amorphous polymers with a glass transition temperature (Tg) between 15-45 °C, tunable by hard/soft segment content.
  • TPUs incorporating PPG in soft segments exhibited exceptional self-healing and shape memory behaviors, with shape fixity ratios up to 98.9% and shape recovery ratios up to 88.3%.
  • The CO2-based TPUs demonstrated superior water vapor permeability resistance, good biocompatibility, and favorable biodegradation properties.

Conclusions:

  • CO2-based TPUs can be effectively synthesized using PPCDL, HMDI, PPG, and BDO.
  • The incorporation of PPG into the soft segments significantly enhances self-healing and shape memory functionalities.
  • These sustainable, high-performance CO2-based TPUs show significant potential for broad applications in the polyurethane industry.