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Defense Responses Induced by Viral Movement Protein and Its Nuclear Localization Modulate Virus Cell-to-Cell
Anastasia K Atabekova1, Ekaterina A Lazareva1, Alexander A Lezzhov1
1A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
Summary
Hibiscus green spot virus movement proteins (MPs) BMB1 and BMB2 modulate plant defenses and nuclear localization to control viral transport. BMB1 triggers plant immunity, but BMB2 suppresses it, while BMB1
Area of Science:
- Plant virology
- Molecular plant-pathology
- Cell biology
Background:
- Plant viruses utilize movement proteins (MPs) for cell-to-cell spread via plasmodesmata.
- Hibiscus green spot virus employs a binary movement block (BMB) of two MPs: BMB1 and BMB2.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the roles of BMB1 and BMB2 in viral transport and plant interactions.
- To elucidate the mechanisms regulating BMB-mediated virus movement.
Main Methods:
- Expression analysis of BMB1 and BMB2 in *Nicotiana benthamiana*.
- Investigation of plant defense responses (ROS, callose, 9-LOX) to BMB1.
- Subcellular localization studies of BMB1 using mutant analysis.
- Assessment of BMB1's impact on viral transport.
Main Results:
- BMB1 induces a plant defense response, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, callose deposition, and 9-LOX upregulation, inhibiting virus transport.
- BMB2 suppresses the BMB1-induced defense response.
- BMB1 localizes to subnuclear structures, including Cajal bodies, in addition to the cytoplasm.
- Nuclear localization of BMB1 enhances BMB-dependent virus transport.
Conclusions:
- Viral transport by BMB proteins is regulated by a BMB1-induced defense response and its suppression by BMB2.
- Nuclear localization of BMB1 is crucial for promoting efficient virus transport.
- This study reveals complex host-pathogen interactions governing virus cell-to-cell movement.
Keywords:
Cajal bodieshypersensitive responsemovement proteinnuclear localizationnucleolusplant defense responseplant virusprogrammed cell deathMore Related Videos
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