Balancing the Oral-Gut-Brain Axis with Diet.

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Human Health
• Nutrition Science

Background:

• The oral microbiota, the second-largest human microbial community, significantly influences health, mirroring the gut microbiota's role.
• Bidirectional microbial transmission occurs between the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, affecting host health despite physical barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the complex interactions within the oral-gut-brain axis.
• To highlight the oral microbiota's critical role in systemic health and aging.
• To explore how dietary factors influence the oral microbiota and its systemic effects.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on the oral-gut-brain axis.
• Analysis of recent research linking oral health, gut health, and neurological function.
• Examination of diet's impact on oral and gut microbial diversity.

Main Results:

• Oral diseases like periodontitis are linked to gastrointestinal issues, underscoring the oral-gut axis's systemic importance.
• The oral-gut-brain axis is implicated in neurological disorders and mental health.
• Diet influences both oral and gut microbial composition; some diets benefit both, while others may promote oral pathogens despite gut benefits.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the oral-gut-brain axis dynamics is crucial for health.
• Dietary interventions can promote a healthy oral-gut-brain axis by supporting microbial diversity.
• Targeted nutrition can mitigate age-related health risks associated with microbial dysbiosis.