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Updated: Jun 11, 2025
Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
Professional practice guidelines: Optimization of energy efficiency in controlled environment zones in operating
El-Mahdi Hafiani1, Stéphane Ortu2, Denis Lopez2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tenon University Hospital, DMU DREAM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
Objective:
To issue recommendations for reduced energy consumption in controlled environment zones (CEZ) in operating theaters and interventional sectors.
Design:
A committee bringing together seven experts from the SFAR, AFC, SF2H, ASPEC and SOFCOT was convened by CERES. A conflict-of-interest statement was developed at the beginning of the process and enforced throughout the elaboration of the reference document. The experts received no financing from any company commercializing a healthcare product (medicine or medical device). The committee was called upon to follow and respect the GRADE® (grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation) method to evaluate quality of the factual data on which the recommendations were based.
Methods:
We analyzed the relevant literature and formulated the recommendations in accordance with the GRADE® methodology by identifying three different fields. Each question was formulated in accordance with the PICO (patients, intervention, comparison, outcome) format.
Results:
The experts' attempts at synthesis and application of the GRADE® method led to 16 recommendations. In cases where GRADE® method could not be applied, the recommendations were formulated as expert advice.
Conclusion:
Once strong agreement among the experts had been reached, we formulated 15 recommendations for decreased energy consumption and reduced environmental impact in the controlled environment zones of operating theaters and interventional sectors.
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