Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus and Photodynamic Therapy as Dual Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment
Shaymaa Majeed Hamzah Al-Shammari1, Ahmed S K Al-Khafaji2, Haider A Hassan3
1Ministry of Health, Al Diwaniya Health Bureau, Women and Children Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq.
Objective:
We hypothesized that attacking cancer cells by combining various modes of action can hinder them from taking the chance to evolve resistance to treatment. Incorporation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with oncolytic virotherapy might be a promising dual approach to cancer treatment.
Methods:
NDV AMHA1 strain as virotherapy in integration with aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) using low power He-Ne laser as PDT in the existing work was examined against breast cancer cells derived from Iraqi cancer patients named (AMJ13). This combination was evaluated using Chou-Talalay analysis.
Results:
The results showed an increased killing rate when using both 0.01 and 0.1 Multiplicity of infection (MOI) of the virus when combined with a dose of 6172.8 photons/gm (ph/gm) of PDT focused on cancer cells.
Conclusion:
integration of the attenuated NDV-AMHA1 strain with photodynamic therapy has a synergistic killing effect on breast cancer cells in vitro, suggesting that this strategy could have clinical application to overcome breast cancer.
Insights
Combining oncolytic virotherapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows a synergistic effect against breast cancer cells. This dual approach may help overcome treatment resistance in cancer therapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biotechnology
- Photochemistry
Background:
- Cancer cells can evolve resistance to single-mode treatments.
- Combining therapeutic modalities may hinder resistance development.
- Oncolytic virotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) offer distinct anti-cancer mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined efficacy of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) based virotherapy and aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) mediated PDT against breast cancer.
- To evaluate the synergistic effect of this combined approach on cancer cell killing.
- To assess the potential clinical applicability of this dual therapy strategy.
Main Methods:
- Newcastle disease virus (NDV) AMHA1 strain was used for oncolytic virotherapy.
- Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and a He-Ne laser were employed for photodynamic therapy (PDT).
- The combination was tested against Iraqi breast cancer cells (AMJ13) and analyzed using Chou-Talalay methods.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in cancer cell killing rate was observed when combining NDV AMHA1 with ALA-PDT.
- The synergistic effect was noted at multiplicities of infection (MOI) of 0.01 and 0.1.
- The combination therapy demonstrated enhanced efficacy compared to monotherapies.
Conclusions:
- The integration of attenuated NDV-AMHA1 strain and PDT exhibits a synergistic killing effect on breast cancer cells in vitro.
- This combination strategy shows promise for overcoming breast cancer treatment resistance.
- The findings suggest potential clinical applications for this dual therapeutic approach.
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