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Streamline-directed tunable deterministic lateral displacement chip: A numerical approach to efficient particle

Ali Kheirkhah Barzoki1, Amir Shamloo2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

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|September 29, 2024
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Summary

This study presents a tunable Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD) chip that controls particle migration by altering fluid streamline direction, not just device geometry. This novel approach enables precise tuning of critical diameter (Dc) for versatile particle separation.

Keywords:
Finite element methodMicrochannelMicrofluidicsSeparation and purificationSeparation processesSize-dependent fractionationTunable deterministic lateral displacement (DLD)

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Particle Separation Technology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Conventional Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD) relies on fixed device geometry to define critical diameter (Dc) for particle migration.
  • Existing DLD methods typically modify pillar array geometry to alter streamline angles.
  • A need exists for more adaptable DLD systems with tunable particle separation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, tunable Deterministic Lateral Displacement (DLD) chip design.
  • To demonstrate a method for controlling particle migration by manipulating fluid streamline direction.
  • To achieve a wide and precisely tunable range of critical diameter (Dc) values.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a DLD chip with a horizontal pillar array and bypass channels featuring linearly varying widths.
  • Manipulation of fluid streamlines by adjusting flow rates in bypass channels and controlling channel slope.
  • Estimation of Dc using a Python script and precise determination via Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling of particle trajectories.

Main Results:

  • The proposed DLD chip design allows for tunable critical diameter (Dc) by controlling flow rates and bypass channel slopes.
  • Adjusting flow rates achieved Dc ranges of 4-10 μm, while slope adjustments yielded 8-13 μm.
  • The innovative chip successfully enabled Dc values spanning from 0.5 to 14 μm, with minimal discrepancies between estimated and modeled results.

Conclusions:

  • This study successfully developed a straightforward and tunable DLD chip that modifies streamline direction for particle separation.
  • The chip offers a versatile platform for achieving a broad spectrum of critical diameter (Dc) values through simple parameter adjustments.
  • The findings present a significant advancement in microfluidic particle manipulation, offering enhanced control and adaptability for various applications.