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The Electrical Double Layer

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In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Robust bilayer solid electrolyte interphase for Zn electrode with high utilization and efficiency.

Yahan Meng¹, Mingming Wang¹, Jiazhi Wang²

¹Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Nature Communications

|September 29, 2024

Summary

A novel bilayer solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for zinc electrodes enhances stability and efficiency. This robust SEI enables prolonged cycling and high Zn utilization rates in batteries.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) construction is crucial for stabilizing zinc (Zn) electrode interfaces.
Single-layer SEIs on Zn electrodes often fail due to rupture during repeated Zn plating/stripping cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust bilayer SEI for Zn electrodes that ensures homogeneous Zn2+ transport and mechanical stability.
To improve the Zn utilization rate (ZUR) and Coulombic efficiency (CE) of Zn electrodes.

Main Methods:

Utilized 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as an electrolyte additive to form a bilayer SEI on the Zn surface.
Characterized the bilayer SEI, comprising a crystalline ZnCO3-rich outer layer and an amorphous ZnS-rich inner layer.
Evaluated the performance of Zn|Zn symmetric cells and Zn full cells with the modified electrodes.

Main Results:

The bilayer SEI demonstrated reversible Zn plating/stripping for 4800 cycles with an average CE of 99.95%.
Zn|Zn symmetric cells exhibited a durable lifetime exceeding 550 hours with a ZUR of 98% at an areal capacity of 28.4 mAh cm-2.
Zn full cells incorporating the bilayer SEI functionalized electrodes showed stable cycling performance under high ZUR.

Conclusions:

The robust bilayer SEI effectively enhances the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of Zn electrodes.
The combination of mechanical stability and homogeneous ion transport in the bilayer SEI is key to high Zn utilization and efficiency.
This strategy offers a promising approach for developing high-performance and long-lasting zinc-based batteries.