Factors Influencing Continued Usage of Intracavernosal injections for Erectile Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis

Intracavernosal injections are used to treat erectile dysfunction. Patient compliance with intracavernosal injections is required for success, though factors influencing compliance are unknown. This study aimed to identify factors that influence compliance with intracavernosal injections among men with erectile dysfunction.

A retrospective analysis was conducted using men who were prescribed intracavernosal injections between 2017 and 2022 at an academic medical center in a cosmopolitan area. Custom Python code was used to capture the first and last prescription refill events, and the duration of intracavernosal injection use was calculated. Additional patient-related data, including demographics and comorbidities, were gathered through chart reviews. Cox Proportional Hazards Regression models were used to evaluate the effects of predictor variables on the duration of intracavernosal injection use.

A total of 4,072 patients were included in the analysis. The study revealed that age significantly predicted discontinuation of intracavernosal injection therapy, showing an elevated hazard ratio of 1.007 for each additional year of age (p<0.001). Men who preferred to speak Spanish as their primary language was a significant predictor of discontinuation of injection therapy, showing a hazard ratio of 1.163 compared to those who preferred English (p=0.004). Men with a history of prostate cancer treatment stayed on treatment for 80 days fewer on average than those without (p=0.002).

Older age, prior history of prostate cancer treatment, and men who preferred to speak Spanish were all identified as factors potentially associated with reduced continuation of intracavernosal injection therapy for erectile dysfunction. Understanding these factors can help healthcare providers in both patient selection and counseling when discussing treatment options for erectile dysfunction.