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Fully Implantable Wireless Cardiac Pacing and Sensing System Integrated with Hydrogel Electrodes.

Zhiqiang Chang1, Bingfang Wang1, Qinjuan Ren1

  • 1Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new wireless, battery-free cardiac pacemaker uses flexible hydrogel electrodes for effective heart pacing and monitoring. This bioelectronic device overcomes limitations of traditional pacemakers, reducing risks and improving patient mobility.

Keywords:
cardiac pacing systemconductive hydrogel electrodeimplantablewireless and battery‐free

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Area of Science:

  • Bioelectronic Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cardiovascular Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional cardiac pacemakers utilize rigid electrodes, risking heart damage and detachment due to mechanical mismatch with cardiac tissue.
  • Percutaneous leads and batteries in conventional pacemakers pose infection risks and restrict patient movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a wireless, battery-free, multifunctional bioelectronic device for cardiac pacing.
  • To address the limitations of current pacemaker technology, enhancing safety and functionality.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of highly conductive, flexible, and stretchable soft hydrogel electrodes (160 S m⁻¹, Young's modulus 80 kPa, 270% stretchability).
  • Utilizing the device for electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and cardiac pacing in vivo.
  • Wireless, fully implantable design for cardiac pacing in animal models.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high signal-to-noise ratio (≈28 dB) ECG recordings and effective cardiac pacing.
  • Demonstrated sustained recording and pacing capabilities for 31 days post-implantation in rats.
  • Successfully performed wireless cardiac pacing in fully implanted rabbits.

Conclusions:

  • The developed wireless, battery-free bioelectronic device offers a promising alternative to conventional pacemakers.
  • Flexible hydrogel electrodes provide excellent mechanical compatibility and functionality for cardiac applications.
  • This technology paves the way for advanced implantable flexible bioelectronics in cardiac therapy.