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Functional localization of visual motion area FST in humans.

Puti Wen¹, Rania Ezzo¹, Lowell W Thompson²

¹Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|September 30, 2024

Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a human brain region, the putative fundus of the superior temporal sulcus (pFST), crucial for processing complex 3D motion. This finding helps distinguish pFST from nearby motion-sensitive areas like hMT and MST.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Visual Perception

Background:

The fundus of the superior temporal sulcus (FST) in macaques is known for complex motion processing.
A distinct human homolog for FST has remained elusive, hindering comparative studies.
Identifying human FST is crucial for understanding the neural basis of motion perception.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and delineate the human homolog of the macaque FST, termed putative FST (pFST).
To evaluate the effectiveness of different functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) localizers for distinguishing pFST from adjacent motion-sensitive areas (hMT and MST).
To characterize the specific role of pFST in processing complex visual motion.

Main Methods:

fMRI scanning in nine healthy participants using 2D and 3D motion stimuli.

Keywords:

3D motion MT complex binocular vision functional localization fundus of the superior temporal sulcus middle temporal area object motion

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Population receptive field (pRF) mapping to assess visual field representation.

Analysis of motion opponency and brain region myelination for functional and structural validation.

Main Results:

Consistent activation anterior and inferior to hMT/MST was observed for 3D coherent motion, but not 2D motion.
Functional (motion opponency) and structural (myelination) measures confirmed pFST's distinction from hMT/MST.
Standard pRF mapping techniques were suboptimal for delineating pFST compared to motion localizers.

Conclusions:

A robust framework for localizing pFST in humans has been established.
pFST plays a distinct functional role in processing complex 3D motion signals.
This research clarifies the human cortical network involved in advanced visual motion perception.