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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Published on: November 14, 2019

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Developing an enhanced chimeric permuted intron-exon system for circular RNA therapeutics.

Lei Wang1,2,3, Chunbo Dong1,2,4, Weibing Zhang4

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.

Theranostics
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a universal chimeric permuted intron-exon (CPIE) system to improve circular RNA (circRNA) production for therapeutics. This efficient system enhances circRNA synthesis and demonstrates potential for robust vaccine development against tumors and viruses.

Keywords:
chimeric permuted intron-exon system (CPIE)circular RNA (circRNA)mRNA therapeuticsribozymesize exclusion chromatography

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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
  • RNA Therapeutics
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) show promise for therapeutics due to stability and sustained protein translation.
  • Current limitations in RNA circularization efficiency hinder large-scale manufacturing of purified circRNAs for clinical use.
  • A universal and efficient circRNA synthesis system is crucial for advancing circRNA-based therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a universal and highly efficient RNA circularization system for synthetic circRNA production.
  • To evaluate the translational ability and immunogenicity of the synthesized circRNAs.
  • To assess the in vivo efficacy of circRNA-based vaccines against cancer and viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a chimeric permuted intron-exon (CPIE) system based on engineered self-splicing introns.
  • Purification of circRNAs using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and size exclusion chromatography.
  • Encapsulation of circRNAs encoding HPV E7 peptide or SARS-CoV-2 dRBD into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for vaccine formulation.
  • Assessment of in vivo efficacy through antigen-specific T and B cell responses in mouse models.

Main Results:

  • Successfully engineered a universal CPIE system enhancing RNA circularization efficiency.
  • Purified circRNAs exhibited low immunogenicity and sustained potent protein expression.
  • In vivo studies confirmed that circRNA vaccines elicited robust immune activation against tumor and SARS-CoV-2 targets in mice.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CPIE system provides an efficient and universal method for in vitro circRNA synthesis.
  • This system holds significant potential for the development of novel circRNA therapeutics and vaccines.
  • The study demonstrates the feasibility of using circRNAs as effective vaccine platforms.