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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Liujunzi Decoction as a Traditional Chinese Treatment for Coloproctitis Cancer
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Causal associations between constipation and pan-cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Yongze Dang1, Xinyu He1, Xiaoxiao Liu1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Constipation may causally increase the risk of colorectal, lung, oral, and pancreatic cancers. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking constipation to these cancer types.

Keywords:
GWASMendelian Randomizationcausalityconstipationpan cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Epidemiology
  • Cancer Research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest a link between constipation and various cancers, but causality remains unproven.
  • The potential causal relationship between constipation and pan-cancer requires rigorous investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between constipation and multiple cancer types using Mendelian Randomization (MR).

Main Methods:

  • Bidirectional MR analysis utilizing summary statistics from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS).
  • Employed Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, Weighted Median, MR-PRESSO, and MR.RAPS methods for robust analysis.
  • Assessed pleiotropy and heterogeneity using MR-Egger regression, Cochran's Q test, and MR-PRESSO Global test, with leave-one-out analyses to ensure reliability.

Main Results:

  • MR analysis indicated a potential causal association between constipation and increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), lung cancer (LC), oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OPC), and pancreatic cancer (PC).
  • No causal link was found between constipation and 12 other cancer types, nor between cancer and constipation in reverse MR analyses.

Conclusions:

  • This MR study suggests constipation may be a causal risk factor for CRC, LC, OPC, and PC.
  • Future experimental studies are warranted to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying these observed associations.