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Biocomposite Scaffolds Based on Chitosan Extraction from Shrimp Shell Waste for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Chirapond Chonanant1, Pongrung Chancharoen2, Sirirat Kiatkulanusorn3
1Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
ACS Omega
|September 30, 2024
Summary
Researchers created a novel cartilage tissue engineering scaffold from shrimp waste chitosan. The resulting AG-CH-COL-GEL scaffold shows promising physical properties and biocompatibility for tissue regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Chitosan, derived from chitin in crustacean shells, is a valuable biomaterial for tissue engineering.
- Shrimp shell waste presents an abundant and underutilized source for chitosan extraction.
- Developing effective scaffolds is crucial for cartilage tissue regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To extract chitosan from shrimp shell waste (Macrobrachium rosenbergii).
- To fabricate and characterize a novel biocomposite scaffold (AG-CH-COL-GEL) for cartilage tissue engineering.
- To evaluate the physicochemical properties, mechanical strength, and biological performance of the developed scaffold.
Main Methods:
- Chitosan extraction and deproteinization from shrimp shells.
- Fabrication of AG-CH-COL-GEL biocomposite scaffolds using freeze-drying.
- Physicochemical characterization (FTIR, EDX, XRD, porosity, water uptake, degradation).
- Mechanical compression testing and in vitro cell culture with human chondrocytes.
Main Results:
- Extracted chitosan showed comparable physicochemical properties to commercial chitosan.
- AG-CH-COL-GEL scaffolds exhibited a 3D interconnected porous structure (88-278 μm), high water uptake (>90%), and controlled degradation (5.08-30.29% in 21 days).
- Scaffolds demonstrated a tunable elastic modulus (44.91-201.77 KPa) and significantly enhanced human chondrocyte proliferation and aggrecan gene expression.
Conclusions:
- Waste-derived chitosan can be successfully utilized to create high-quality biocomposite scaffolds.
- The AG-CH-COL-GEL scaffold possesses optimal physical and mechanical properties for cartilage tissue engineering.
- This study offers a sustainable approach for cartilage regeneration, utilizing seafood waste for advanced biomaterials.
