Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the Elderly Population: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Geriatrics
• Microbiology

Background:

• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder.
• IBS presents with abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, often co-occurring with psychological issues like anxiety and depression.
• Emerging evidence implicates gut-brain axis disorders, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and aging in IBS pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically review recent literature on Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in adults and older adults.
• To address the need for consolidated guidelines for IBS management, particularly in the elderly.
• To highlight safe and accessible treatment options for IBS.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent scientific findings on IBS.
• Analysis of etiological factors including gut-brain interaction, microbiota, and aging.
• Evaluation of treatment strategies, focusing on pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological options.

Main Results:

• IBS is prevalent in adults and older adults, with complex etiopathogenesis.
• Psychological factors, gut microbiota alterations, and aging play significant roles.
• Pharmacotherapy requires caution in the elderly due to risk-benefit considerations.

Conclusions:

• Probiotics and non-pharmacological treatments are presented as safe and accessible alternatives for IBS management.
• Clinicians must consider the unique biopsychosocial factors of older adults when treating IBS.
• There is a clear need for updated, consolidated guidelines for IBS treatment.