Risperidone-Induced Urinary Incontinence in Schizoaffective Disorder: A Case Report

Risperidone is a widely used atypical antipsychotic known for its efficacy in managing various psychiatric conditions. However, it is not without adverse effects, and one such underreported side effect is that of urinary incontinence. This case report highlights the experience of a 59-year-old gentleman with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder who, after being admitted due to a relapse of his symptoms, developed urinary incontinence with risperidone. The patient's symptoms resolved upon the gradual reduction of the risperidone dose to 2 mg at bedtime. Urinary incontinence as a side effect of antipsychotics has been documented in children, especially in those with autism or developmental disorders, but there is limited research on its occurrence in adults. Urinary incontinence can have significant social and psychological impacts on patients, leading to feelings of embarrassment and social withdrawal. It can also contribute to treatment non-adherence leading to frequent relapses and exacerbations of psychiatric symptoms. In managing patients with risperidone-induced urinary incontinence, it is essential to explore medical causes thoroughly before considering medication changes. Behavioral modifications such as bladder training, biofeedback, and lifestyle modifications can also be effective in reducing the frequency of incontinence episodes. This case report emphasizes the importance of prompt identification and intervention to minimize the debilitating effects of urinary incontinence on patients with psychiatric conditions.