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Two key frameworks are employed to analyze mass, energy, and momentum transfer: the control volume approach and the system approach. These frameworks offer different perspectives, depending on whether the focus is on a specific region in space (control volume approach) or a defined mass of fluid (system approach).
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A new input-output-based framework for measuring the active and passive water use.

Lingfan Wu1, Yu Song1,2, Yueyang Li3

  • 1School of Business, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.

Heliyon
|September 30, 2024
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Summary

This study introduces a dual-perspective framework to measure water use, defining fluctuations due to economic changes and a new indicator for passive water use. It analyzes water use channels and the supply chain

Keywords:
Dual-perspective measurementHypothetical extraction methodInput-out modelStructural path analysisWater use

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Economics
  • Supply Chain Management

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of water use is critical for sustainable resource management.
  • Macroeconomic shifts significantly impact water consumption patterns.
  • Existing frameworks may not fully capture indirect or passive water use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-perspective framework for comprehensive water use measurement.
  • To define and quantify water use fluctuations driven by macroeconomic conditions.
  • To introduce a novel indicator for assessing the rate of passive water use.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a novel dual-perspective water use measurement framework.
  • Definition of water use variability linked to macroeconomic condition changes.
  • Application of Structural Path Analysis (SPA) to estimate passive water use channels.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key water use channels from a passive perspective using SPA.
  • Quantification of the impact of macroeconomic factors on water use dynamics.
  • Demonstration of the significant role of the supply chain's intermediate sector in water use.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed dual-perspective framework offers a more holistic approach to water accounting.
  • Understanding passive water use is crucial for effective water resource policy and management.
  • Supply chain analysis provides vital insights into indirect water consumption.