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TIM-3-driven macrophage polarisation is associated to recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Tao Jiang1, Tao Yu1, Lu Jiang1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, China.

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) expression is elevated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), particularly in recurrent cases. TIM-3 promotes M2 macrophage polarization, suggesting its role in recalcitrant CRSwNP.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complex inflammatory condition.
  • Recalcitrant CRSwNP, especially following revision surgery, presents significant clinical challenges.
  • The role of specific immune markers like TIM-3 in CRSwNP pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) in patients with CRSwNP.
  • To investigate the influence of TIM-3 on macrophage polarization in CRSwNP.
  • To explore TIM-3 as a potential biomarker for recalcitrant CRSwNP.

Main Methods:

  • TIM-3 expression was quantified in serum and tissue samples from healthy controls (HC), primary CRSwNP, and recurrent CRSwNP patients.
  • Macrophage polarization markers (CD163, CD206) were assessed and correlated with TIM-3 levels.
  • In vitro experiments examined the effect of TIM-3 overexpression on macrophage polarization and cytokine secretion (TGF-β1, IL-10).

Main Results:

  • TIM-3 levels were significantly higher in CRSwNP patients compared to HCs, with elevated expression in recurrent cases.
  • Tissue immunofluorescence confirmed increased TIM-3 expression in CRSwNP, correlating positively with CD163 and CD206.
  • TIM-3 overexpression induced M2 macrophage polarization and increased secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-10.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated TIM-3 expression is associated with CRSwNP, particularly in patients requiring revision surgery.
  • TIM-3 may serve as a novel biomarker for identifying and managing recalcitrant CRSwNP.
  • TIM-3-mediated M2 macrophage polarization is implicated in the pathophysiology of recurrent CRSwNP.
Keywords:
TIM-3chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polypsmacrophagerecurrence

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