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Cardiometabolic comorbidities and cardiovascular events in "non-functioning" adrenal incidentalomas: a systematic

Vittoria Favero1,2, Chiara Parazzoli2, Davide Paolo Bernasconi3,4

  • 1Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, 20100, Italy.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|September 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) show increased risks of arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic syndrome (MS). This systematic review found NFAI is linked to higher prevalence of AH, composite diabetes mellitus (C-DM), and MS compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) are adrenal tumors discovered incidentally.
  • The association between NFAI and metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), composite DM (C-DM), dyslipidemia (DL), metabolic syndrome (MS), and cardiovascular events (CVE) in patients with NFAI.
  • To compare these prevalences with control subjects without adrenal incidentalomas (AI).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature.
  • Inclusion of 19 studies with 4716 subjects.
  • Random-effects model to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Main Results:

  • NFAI was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AH (OR 1.87), C-DM (OR 2.04), and MS (OR 2.89).
  • No significant association was found between NFAI and DM, DL, or CVE.
  • Data from 36 studies were initially screened, with 19 providing data for meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with NFAI exhibit a higher prevalence of AH, C-DM, and MS compared to individuals without NFAI.
  • NFAI may serve as an indicator for increased cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
Adrenal incidentalomasDiabetesDyslipidaemiaHypertensionMetabolic syndrome cardiovascular events

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