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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
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Urethral tissue characterization using multiparametric ultrasound imaging.

Haowei Tai1, Kourosh Kalayeh2, James A Ashton-Miller3

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Ultrasonics
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new multiparametric ultrasound (mpUS) technique noninvasively assesses urethral tissue changes. This method identifies biomarkers for age-related incontinence, offering a potential diagnostic tool without biopsies.

Keywords:
AgingAngle-dependent backscatterAngle-independent analysisFeature selectionTexture analysisTissue characterizationUltrasoundUrethraUrinary incontinence

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Stress urinary incontinence in women is often caused by decreased urethral closure pressure.
  • Age-related urethral muscle atrophy contributes to a significant decline in urethral closure pressure.
  • Incontinence negatively impacts women's well-being and is a factor in nursing home admissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a noninvasive multiparametric ultrasound (mpUS) imaging technique.
  • To assess microenvironmental changes in urethral tissue.
  • To identify biomarkers reflecting age-related microstructural changes in the urethra.

Main Methods:

  • Transperineal B-scan ultrasound imaging during Valsalva maneuvers.
  • Automatic urethra central axis definition and angle determination relative to the ultrasound beam.
  • Integration of angle-dependent backscatter and radiomic texture analysis for biomarker identification.

Main Results:

  • Angle-dependent backscatter analysis showed an annual decrease in ultrasound mean image intensity slope (-0.89%/year).
  • Texture analysis at 40 degrees revealed annual changes in gray level nonuniformity (+0.08%), skewness (-2.16%), and correlation (-0.32%).
  • A random forest regression model combining angle-dependent and independent features yielded a highly accurate "urethra score" (R²=0.96, p<0.001) correlated with age.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mpUS technique offers a noninvasive method for urethral tissue characterization.
  • This approach can identify biomarkers reflecting age-related microstructural changes and reduced urethral closure pressure.
  • The "urethra score" shows promise as a diagnostic biomarker for incontinence, potentially reducing the need for biopsies and invasive tests.