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Developing a European aquatic macrophyte transfer function for reconstructing past lake-water chemistry.

Anna Šolcová1, Janne Alahuhta2, Mariusz Gałka3

  • 1Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Paleoecology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Lidická 25/27, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.

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Summary

Aquatic plants (macrophytes) can now reconstruct past lake water chemistry, specifically conductivity and alkalinity. This advance aids paleolimnology and conservation efforts for endangered species.

Keywords:
AlkalinityAquatic plantsConductivityDissolved inorganic carbonMacrofossilsPaleoenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Paleolimnology
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction

Background:

  • Biological proxies like diatoms have advanced paleolimnology, but macrophytes are underutilized for reconstructing past lake-water chemistry.
  • Understanding past environmental changes is crucial for effective nature conservation and ecological restoration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the key environmental variable explaining aquatic plant community composition in Northern European lakes.
  • To develop quantitative methods for reconstructing past lake-water conductivity and alkalinity using macrophyte assemblages.

Main Methods:

  • Created a modern macrophyte-environment calibration dataset across Finnish, Polish, and Swedish lakes.
  • Calculated modern calibration functions using simple averaging regression.
  • Reconstructed past environmental conditions in Lake Linówek using weighted averaging calibration on fossil assemblages.

Main Results:

  • Conductivity and alkalinity were the strongest predictors of macrophyte community composition.
  • Species' carbon concentrating mechanisms influenced their alkalinity optima.
  • Paleoenvironmental reconstructions revealed fluctuations in conductivity and alkalinity throughout the Late Glacial and Holocene periods.

Conclusions:

  • Macrophytes are effective indicators for reconstructing past lake-water chemistry, particularly conductivity and alkalinity.
  • Developed calibration functions can support nature conservation by defining habitat requirements for endangered macrophyte species.
  • This method provides a valuable tool for understanding long-term lake dynamics and informing conservation strategies.