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Interplays Between Matrix Metalloproteinases and Neurotropic Viruses: An Overview
Suad A Alghamdi1, Mohammed Alissa1, Abdullah Alghamdi1
1Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a diverse group of proteases involved in various physiological and pathological processes through modulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, cytokines, and growth factors. In the central nervous system (CNS), MMPs play a major role in CNS development, plasticity, repair, and reorganisation contributing to learning, memory, and neuroimmune response to injury. MMPs are also linked to various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral aneurysm, stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and brain cancer suggesting these proteases as key regulatory factors in the nervous system. Moreover, MMPs have been involved in the pathogenesis of neurotropic viral infections via dysregulation of various cellular processes, which may highlight these factors as potential targets for the treatment and control of neurological complications associated with viral pathogens. This review provides an overview of the roles of MMPs in various physiological processes of the CNS and their interactions with neurotropic viral pathogens.
Insights
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key enzymes in the central nervous system (CNS), influencing development, repair, and neurological diseases. MMPs also play a role in viral infections, offering potential therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Pathology
Background:
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial proteases modulating extracellular matrix (ECM), cytokines, and growth factors.
- In the central nervous system (CNS), MMPs are vital for development, plasticity, repair, and neuroimmune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of MMPs in CNS physiological processes.
- To explore the involvement of MMPs in the pathogenesis of neurotropic viral infections and their neurological complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on MMPs in the CNS.
- Analysis of MMP involvement in neurological disorders and viral infections.
Main Results:
- MMPs are implicated in CNS development, learning, memory, and injury repair.
- Dysregulation of MMPs is linked to neurological conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, stroke, and brain cancer.
- MMPs contribute to neurotropic viral infection pathogenesis, affecting cellular processes.
Conclusions:
- MMPs are key regulators in the nervous system, impacting both normal function and disease states.
- Targeting MMPs presents a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders and viral infections affecting the CNS.
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