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Visual Event-Related Potentials under External Emotional Stimuli as Early Signs for Mild Cognitive Impairment.

C Wang1, W Yu, T Xu

  • 1Dr. Ming Tao, M.D. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China, Email: taoming@zcmu.edu.cn, Dr. María Trinidad Herrero, M.D., Ph.D. Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience (NiCE), Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Institute for Aging Research (IUIE), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30120, Spain,

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer'S Disease
|October 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Alzheimer

Keywords:
P300Alzheimer’s diseaseemotional stimulievent-related potentialsmild cognitive impairment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing severe cognitive decline.
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and AD, crucial for early diagnosis.
  • Attentional mechanisms in MCI and AD under emotional stimuli remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate attentional mechanisms in MCI and AD patients exposed to different emotional stimuli.
  • To identify potential early biomarkers for MCI and AD detection through emotional processing.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in healthy controls, MCI patients, and AD patients.
  • Participants were presented with visual oddball stimuli under neutral, happiness, and sadness emotional conditions.
  • Analysis focused on ERP components (N1, P2, N2, P3) and associated cortical activations.

Main Results:

  • AD patients showed prolonged N2 and P3 latencies across all emotions compared to controls and MCI.
  • MCI patients exhibited delayed P3 latencies under happiness, while AD patients had decreased P3 amplitudes under happiness and sadness.
  • Specific cortical hypoactivations were observed in AD (right superior temporal gyrus) and MCI (right inferior frontal gyrus) under certain emotional conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Visual attention deficits are present in both MCI and AD patients under emotional stimuli.
  • Happiness stimuli, specifically P3 latency and right inferior frontal gyrus hypoactivation, may serve as early indicators for MCI.
  • Emotional processing offers valuable insights for the early detection of cognitive dysfunction in MCI and AD.