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Signaling Pathways (TNF-α-NF-κB, TLR2-TLR4 as well as ROS-MDA) and Cardiac Damages during Cardiac Surgeries (Coronary
Xia Li1, Yongjuan Zhao1, Hualan Zhou2
1Xiamen Road Branch Hospital, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian 223005, China.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|October 1, 2024
Summary
Myocardial injury severity after cardiac procedures is linked to oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. The ROS/MDA pathway appears to play a dominant role in these injuries.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Myocardial cell injuries involve complex signaling pathway activations.
- Understanding these pathways is crucial for managing cardiac conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare myocardial injury degrees following coronary stenting, pacemaker implantation, and radiofrequency ablation.
- To investigate the roles of TNF-α/NF-κB, TLR2/TLR4, and ROS/MDA pathways in elderly patients undergoing these procedures.
Main Methods:
- Measured biomarkers including reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), toll-like receptors (TLR2, TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT).
Main Results:
- Biomarker levels (ROS, MDA, TLR2, TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, hs-cTnT) were significantly elevated in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation compared to radiofrequency ablation.
- Coronary stenting led to the highest increases in these markers compared to both other procedures.
- ROS, MDA, TLR2, TLR4, NF-κB, and TNF-α levels effectively predicted myocardial injury severity.
Conclusions:
- Oxidative stress (ROS/MDA) is interconnected with immune response (TLR2/TLR4) and inflammation (TNF-α/NF-κB) in myocardial injury.
- The ROS/MDA signaling pathway appears to be the primary driver of myocardial injury in the studied patient groups.
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