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Updated: Jun 11, 2025
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Proportion of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
1Dr Md Abdul Hamid, Consultant, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh;
Insights
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects 18% of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, often asymptomatic. This highlights the strong link between renal disease and vascular complications like PAD.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Vascular Medicine
- Cardiology
Background:
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common yet often overlooked complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- PAD signifies generalized atherosclerosis and requires careful evaluation in CKD populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency and patterns of PAD among CKD patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.
- To investigate the association between CKD severity and the prevalence of PAD.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 100 CKD patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital.
- Clinical evaluation and Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) measurements were performed.
- Data on patient demographics, CKD stage, and PAD characteristics were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- 18% of CKD patients exhibited PAD, with a higher prevalence in advanced stages (Stage 5: 66.67%).
- PAD was observed in both lower limbs, with varying degrees of severity.
- A significant proportion of PAD patients were asymptomatic (50-55%), and common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and smoking.
Conclusions:
- Chronic kidney disease is strongly associated with vascular disease, particularly peripheral arterial disease.
- PAD is a frequent complication in CKD patients and warrants increased clinical attention and screening.
Abstract:
Among the different complications of chronic kidney diseases, peripheral arterial disease is not uncommon. Though it is an indicator of widespread atherosclerosis, sometimes it is neglected in CKD patients. Our study was done to evaluate the frequency and pattern of PAD in chronic kidney disease patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. One hundred (100) admitted patients of CKD were taken by nonrandom purposive sampling considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. After clinical evaluation and Ankle brachial index (ABI) measurement 5 cc venous blood was collected and sent to Clinical Pathology and Biochemistry department of CMCH. Data was collected in a structured proforma and analyzed. Among the 100 patients, 2.0% patient belonged to stage 3, 28.0% were in stage 4 and remaining 70.0% were in stage 5. We found the proportion of PAD in CKD were 18.0%. Among 18 PAD patients, 66.67% were in stage 5, 22.22% in stage 4 and 11.11% in stage 3. Regarding right lower limb 12 patients had some PAD, 3 patients had moderate PAD, 2 patients had borderline and 1 patient had calcified PAD. For left lower limb, 10 patients had some PAD, 4 patients had moderate PAD, 4 patients had borderline PAD. The mean AB) of the PAD patients for right limb was 0.87 and for left limb 0.84. 50.0-55.0% patients were asymptomatic. Among the PAD patients 38.9% had DM, 72.2% had HTN, 33.3% had both DM and HTN, 44.4% had other vascular events, 55.6% were smokers, 33.3% had dyslipidemia and 22.2% had family history of PAD. Renal diseases seem to have a strong association with vascular disease and PAD is not uncommon.
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