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Branch retinal artery occlusion in a patient with COVID-19 infection: A case report

Zhijian Jiang1, Huiying Ji2, Hui Zhang1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China.

The Journal of International Medical Research
|October 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A COVID-19 infection caused branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) in a 76-year-old man. Treatment with anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant therapies improved his vision, though some visual field defects persisted.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) is a serious condition affecting vision.
  • COVID-19 has been linked to various vascular and inflammatory complications.

Observation:

  • A 76-year-old male patient presented with BRAO in his left eye affecting three arteries.
  • The patient had a history of hypertension and atherosclerosis, but hypertension was well-controlled.

Findings:

  • The BRAO was suspected to be linked to COVID-19 due to elevated cytokines and coagulation factors.
  • Following anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and conservative therapy for 25 days, biomarkers normalized, and vision improved.
  • Persistent visual field defects were likely due to residual low oxygen saturation.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a potential link between COVID-19 and BRAO.
  • Prompt treatment involving anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant measures can lead to visual recovery.
  • Understanding COVID-19's impact on vascular health is crucial for ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists.

Keywords:
Branch retinal artery occlusionCOVID-19Retinal artery occlusion

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