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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes
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Minimal change glomerular disease associated with solid neoplasms: a systematic review.

Domenico Cozzo1, Francesca Orlando2, Mariolina Bruno2

  • 1Servizio di nefrologia, EOC Ospedale "La Carità", Locarno, Switzerland.

Journal of Nephrology
|October 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Minimal change disease (MCD) linked to solid tumors is well-documented. While immunosuppressive therapy helps some patients, tumor-specific treatment is often key for remission in these rare cases.

Keywords:
GlomerulopathyMinimal change diseaseParaneoplasticSolid neoplasm

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic minimal change disease (MCD) is typically linked to hematological malignancies, unlike membranous glomerulonephritis which is associated with solid tumors.
  • This systematic review details the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of MCD in patients with solid neoplasms.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, COCHRANE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases.
  • Included were case reports of adult patients with biopsy-proven MCD and solid malignancy, with no language or time restrictions.

Key Points:

  • 86 cases were analyzed, with a mean age of 57.8 years; 96.2% presented with nephrotic syndrome.
  • Malignant thymoma was the most frequent associated malignancy (34.9%), followed by kidney, lung, and gastrointestinal tumors.
  • Diagnosis of neoplasm and MCD occurred simultaneously in 27.9% of cases, while neoplasms preceded MCD in 40.7% and followed in 31.4%.

Conclusions:

  • MCD associated with solid neoplasms is a recognized entity.
  • While immunosuppressive therapy alone achieved remission in over one-third of patients, tumor-specific treatment was effective for most others.
  • Screening for solid tumors is recommended in patients with MCD, irrespective of steroid response, pending further prevalence data.