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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

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Linear-coupling-induced double-period pulsating vector solitons in lasers.

Zhenzhu Zhang, Yueqing Du, Heze Zhang

|October 1, 2024

Summary

We report a novel vector soliton in a fiber laser exhibiting robust double-period pulsation (DPP). This phenomenon arises from the interplay between linear coupling and mode competition, offering insights into complex soliton dynamics.

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

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Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Nonlinear optics
Fiber laser physics
Dissipative systems

Background:

Pulsating solitons are common in dissipative systems like lasers, stemming from Hopf bifurcations.
Vector solitons in fiber lasers can exhibit complex dynamics, including pulsations.

Purpose of the Study:

To report and explain the mechanism behind a vector soliton with double-period pulsation (DPP) in a fiber laser.
To elucidate the interplay between linear coupling and mode competition in DPP.

Main Methods:

Experimental observation of vector solitons in a fiber laser setup.
Analysis of polarization dynamics and cavity effects influencing soliton evolution.

Main Results:

A vector soliton exhibiting two distinct pulsation periods was observed.
Short-period pulsation is attributed to period-tripling via linear coupling between polarization components.
Long-period pulsation results from mode competition between polarization components.

Conclusions:

The robust double-period pulsating (DPP) vector soliton arises from the combined effects of linear coupling and mode competition.
This study provides a physical mechanism for observed double-period breathers.
Findings are valuable for studying complex breather dynamics and multi-comb spectroscopy.