Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 6, 2026
26:48
Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Published on: July 4, 2007
18.0K
Scrub typhus meningoencephalitis in children: an experience from Eastern India
Jadab Kumar Jana1, Anusree Krishna Mandal1, Sourav Pati1
1Department of Paediatrics, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Lokpur 722102, Bankura, West Bengal, India.
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|October 1, 2024
Summary
Scrub typhus meningoencephalitis (STME) in children is a severe complication of scrub typhus. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes, especially in resource-limited settings.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
- Tropical Medicine
Background:
- Scrub typhus meningoencephalitis (STME) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of scrub typhus.
- Early identification and management are critical for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcomes of STME in pediatric patients.
- To highlight the importance of considering STME in cases of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital's pediatric intensive care unit in Eastern India.
- Analysis of data from children aged 1 month to 12 years diagnosed with STME between April 2021 and September 2022.
- Inclusion of 16 STME cases among 75 AES cases.
Main Results:
- Fever, altered sensorium, and convulsions were the most common symptoms in pediatric STME.
- Complications included shock, pneumonia, myocarditis, and raised intracranial pressure.
- Most children (15/16) recovered fully, with one experiencing residual neurological deficits.
Conclusions:
- A high index of suspicion for STME is necessary in pediatric AES cases.
- Prompt administration of anti-scrub measures can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
- This is particularly important in resource-constrained environments.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:18Viral Meningitis
217
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
217
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
70
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
70
01:22Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
31
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
31
01:19Encephalitis l: Introduction
27
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
27
01:26Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
30
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
30
01:26Brain Abscess l: Introduction
47
A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial...
47