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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

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Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation...
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Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
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Synthesis and Testing of Supported Pt-Cu Solid Solution Nanoparticle Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
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Support Screening to Shape Propane Dehydrogenation SnPt-Based Catalysts.

Giovanni Festa1, Ana Serrano-Lotina2, Eugenio Meloni1

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
|October 2, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing advanced Pt/Sn catalysts on Mg-modified supports significantly boosts propylene production via propane dehydrogenation (PDH). These catalysts demonstrate high selectivity and stability, crucial for industrial applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Propane dehydrogenation (PDH) is vital for propylene production.
  • Existing catalysts face challenges with byproduct formation and deactivation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop efficient Pt/Sn catalysts for industrial propylene production.
  • Enhance catalyst stability and selectivity using novel supports.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Mg-modified sepiolite and sepiolite/bentonite/alumina as catalyst supports.
  • Prepared catalysts via sequential impregnation of Pt and Sn.
  • Characterized catalysts using XRD, N2 physisorption, TEM, XPS, and CO2-TPD.

Main Results:

  • Support material critically influences catalyst performance.
  • Magnesium addition created weak basic sites, improving selectivity and reducing coke.
  • Catalysts achieved >95% propylene selectivity with near-equilibrium propane conversion.

Conclusions:

  • Mg-modified supports enhance Pt/Sn catalyst performance for PDH.
  • Sepiolite/bentonite/alumina support offers superior stability and regenerability.
  • Developed catalysts are suitable for industrial propylene production.