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Decoding the Rarity: A Unique Case of Clear-Cell Variant of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Anwesha Paul1, Arunit Chatterjee1, Rudra Prasad Chatterjee1
1Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Kolkata, IND.
Cureus
|October 2, 2024
Summary
This case report details an extremely rare clear-cell variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a young male. Prompt diagnosis is crucial for this aggressive oral cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Oncology
- Histopathology
Background:
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is common, but clear-cell variants are exceptionally rare.
- The pathogenesis of clear cells in OSCC is not fully understood, possibly due to hydropic degeneration.
Observation:
- A 32-year-old male presented with an ulceroproliferative growth on the hard palate and gingiva.
- Histopathology revealed neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm and significant pleomorphism.
- Differential diagnoses included salivary gland, odontogenic, and metastatic tumors.
Findings:
- Special stains (PAS, mucicarmine) were negative.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed positive markers for pan-cytokeratin and P63.
- Negative IHC for S100 and CD10 confirmed the diagnosis of clear-cell OSCC.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of a thorough diagnostic work-up for rare oral neoplasms.
- Emphasizes the aggressive nature and potential fatality of clear-cell OSCC.
- Contributes to understanding the histopathological features of this rare variant.
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